If this happens, there is little air left in the tank to become compressed, so the pump runs nearly every time water is used. Water can absorb some of the air, so the air must be replaced to prevent the tank from becoming waterlogged. A disadvantage of the galvanized steel tank is that air and water are in direct contact with each other. Up until 1970, the most common type of pressure tank used with a private water system was a galvanized steel tank. Today, pressure tanks with a diaphragm or a rubber bladder are common. Older types of pressure tanks include galvanized steel tanks and galvanized steel tanks with a floating wafer. There are different types of pressure tanks. Water treatment units, water softeners, clothes washers, and dishwashers may require higher water pressure to operate properly possibly as high as 30 psi or more. Many require at least 10 psi to operate properly. The minimum tank pressure must be at least as high as the pressure needed by any water-using fixture or appliance. When the water reaches a preset pressure, typically 20 to 40 psi, the pump starts again. As water is used, the pressure in the tank is lowered. When the water reaches a preset pressure, typically 40 to 60 pounds per square inch (psi), the pump automatically shuts off. The more the air is compressed, the greater the water pressure. When water is pumped into a tank containing air, the air is compressed, putting the water under pressure. Water cannot be compressed into a smaller area, while air can.
Operation of a pressure tank is based on physical properties. In addition, it provides a reserve supply of water for use during times of high demand. It builds up a reserve supply of water so the pump starts and stops less often, prolonging the life of the pump. It stores water and provides water under pressure when the pump is not running. The pressure tank in a private water system has three purposes. But it is a good idea to understand the purpose of the tank and how it works. You may take the pressure tank in your private water system for granted.
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